Ba a gano Kattai ba - Binciken Hukumar Motoci, Babban abin hawa mafi girma

Shin kun taɓa yin mamakin manyan injunan a duniya? Ka yi tunanin abin hawa da yawa zai iya jujjuya motar gaba ɗaya a cizo ɗaya! Wannan shi ne wurin bucket ɗin. Wannan labarin ya fara aiki a cikin duniyar irin manyan injuna, bincika abin da suke, yadda suke ɗaukar mafi girman abin hawa da aka taɓa gina shi. Shirya ka yi mamakin sikeli da karfin wadannan gwanayen injiniya!

Mene ne mai bucket din da yasa yake girma?

Ka yi tunanin motar wasa mai ban dariya, amma an yi su - kamar, da gaske,da gasketara. Wannan shine irin abin da bucket ɗin kevetator yake. Amma a maimakon wasan yara, waɗannan ƙattai ne na rayuwa, daBabban abin hawaAn taɓa gina su! ABucket Way, sau da yawa ta gaji da bwe, babban neinjin tonoamfani da shihaƙa ma'addinai. Yi tunanin shi a matsayin iko da ƙarfifid da, amma maimakon ɗayaguga, yana da giantwilitare da mutane da yawagugaa haɗe shi. Kamar yaddaJuyawa ya juya, waɗannanbuckets scoopsama da girmaAdadin kayan.

Don haka, me yasa suke babba? Da kyau, an tsara su ne don manyan ayyuka.Haƙa ma'addinaisau da yawa ya shafi cire babban aikiadadin overburden, wanda shine ƙasa kuma dutsen da ke zaune a saman albarkatun mahimmanci kamarkwal. Don yin wannan yadda ya dace, kuna buƙatar injin da zai iya motsawaDubunnan tanna duniya a cikin awa daya.Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaan gina su don yin hakan. Girman su yana ba su damar aiki gaba ɗaya kuma a kula da ayyukan gorantic da gaske a cikisurface. Ba sa son hankulam rumfaka ga shafukan yanar gizo; Waɗannan suna cikin league na kansu lokacin da ya zo ga sikelin da tono iko.

Ta yaya wani keket ƙafafun fitar da gaske aiki? Fahimtar injin tono.

Hanyar aBucket WayAyyuka yana da ban sha'awa. Zuciyar injin shine, ba shakka, dakatako. Wannan ababban keken ya ƙunshida yawaguga- Sau da yawa a kusa da 10 zuwa 20, dangane da girman injin. Wannanwilian saka shi a kan dogon albasa wanda zai iyajuyakuma matsawa sama da ƙasa. Kamar yadda injin ya motsa gaba, daBucket da ya juya, kuma kowannensugugaa kanmai juyawaScoops samaabu.

Ka yi tunanin shi kamar ruwa a niƙa, amma a maimakon ruwa, duniya ce da dutsen da ke ɗauke da ita. DaSaiti na Scoopsan tsara shi don a yanka sosai a cikin ƙasa. Da zarar agugaya cika, ya ci gaba dajuyasama. A saman juyawa, daAbubuwan da aka zabasama daFitar da kwaria kanisar da bel. Wannanjigilar bel na guduwaTare da injin sannan ku jigilar daAn canza abunesa, sau da yawa ga waniisartsarin koStacker don sufuri. Wannan cigaban digging da isar da aiki yana ba da damarBucket ƙafafun ƙafayin aiki mai ban mamaki da sauri kuma yadda yakamata,cire dubunnanna cubicma'auratanaoverburdenkowace rana. Yana da tsayawaAyyukan ma'adinaiGidan shakatawa!

Fitar da ƙafafun motocin vs. Hydraulic zanga-zangar: Me ya sa su baya?

Yayin da duka biyuBucket ƙafafun ƙafadam rumfaAna amfani da su don tono, injina daban-daban da aka tsara don ayyuka daban-daban.M rumfaSuna da injunan masu tsari da kuke gani game da shafukan yanar gizo, da tushe, da kuma sauke motoci. Suna amfani da hancin hoda, sanda, dagugadon tono. Su ne wayar hannu kuma zasu iyajuyaDigiri na 360, yana sa su yi yawa don ayyuka da yawa.

Bucket ƙafafun ƙafa, a gefe guda, Kattai ne. Sun kasance manyan - wasuaunaSama da tan 13,000! Hanyoyin digging su, dakatako, yana ci gaba kuma an tsara shi don hutun haihuwa.M rumfasun fi misali daidai da sassauci, yayin daBucket ƙafafun ƙafasuna game da sheer tono iko da m fitarwa.Bucket ƙafafun ƙafasuma ƙasa da wayar hannu; Suna motsa sannu a hankali kan waƙoƙi mai rarrafe kuma ba a nufin da za a matsar da su akai-akai ba. Daaikin farkona bwe yana ci gabasurface, musamman makwalda sauran kayan yawa. A inishen,m rumfasuna kama da kayan aikin m a cikin akwatin kayan aiki, yayin daBucket ƙafafun ƙafasun kware, injunan masu nauyi don naúrukahaƙa ma'addinaiayyuka.

Ina ƙafafun ƙafafun da aka yi amfani da su? Bincika ayyukan ma'adinai.

Babban wurin da zaku samuBucket ƙafafun ƙafayana cikin manyan-sikelinsurfaceAyyuka, musamman a cikici mai. Domin za su iya matsar da irin wannan masarautar ƙasa, suna da kyau don cire daoverburden- yadudduka na ƙasa da dutse sama dakwalseams. Manyan ma'adanan masu buɗewa, musamman waɗancan lignitekwal(wani nau'in launin ruwan kasakwal), manyan wurare ne don waɗannan injina. Yankunan da manyan adibas mai mahimmanci, kamar sassan Jamus, suna da tarihi masu amfaniBucket ƙafafun ƙafa.

Koyaya, amfaninsu ba ya iyakance ga kawaici mai. Hakanan ana iya amfani da su a cikihaƙa ma'addinaiSauran kayan da yawa kamar Bauxite (ana amfani da su a kan aluminium) da yashi mai. Waɗansuhaƙa ma'addinaiaikin da ke buƙatar cirewar taadadin overburdenko ci gaba da rami mai zurfi na manyan kayan abu na iya amfana da ingancin aiki naBucket Way. Ba su da gama gari a cikin ƙananan farashi ko rami, inda sikelin aikin bai gaskata da irin wannan m bakayan aiki. Yi tunanin su a matsayin abokan aiki na Mega-mines, koyaushe digging da ciyarisarTsarin don kiyayeAyyukan ma'adinaiGudun lafiya.

Bagger 293: Shin wannan da gaske mafi girma motar motar ta taɓa gina?

Lokacin da mutane suke magana game daBabban abin hawa na ƙasa ya taɓa gina, galibi suna magana neSagger293 (kuma magabata kamarSagger288 daSagger291). "Sagger"Jamusanci ne don" digger "ko"fid da, "Kuma 293 shine kawai lambar ƙira kawai. Wannan injin yana riƙe daLittafin Guinness na bayanan duniyatake gaBabban abin hawa. Yana da gaske nahossal!

Sagger293 ya kusanMita 225, ko738 ft, da gameMita 96 (315 ft) tsayi. Don ba ku ra'ayin girmansa, ya fi girman mutum na 'yanci! Ze iyaaunasama da tan 14,200. Dakatakoya wuce 21ma'aurata (70 ft) A cikin diamita kuma yana da 20guga, kowanne yana riƙe sama da 15 Cubicma'aurata (20 cu yd) na kayan - wannan kamarSCOOPsamar da karamin mota a kowaneguga! Sagger293 yana da ikon tattarawa sama da 240,000 cubicma'auratana duniya kowace rana - isa ya cika filin wasan kwallon kafa a cikin 'yan kwanaki. An tsara shi donhaƙa ma'addinaimkwalkuma babban misali ne naManyan kayan masarufi. Don haka, eh,Sagger293 da 'yan uwanta lalle zakarun suna yin zakarun Turai idan ya zo gaBabban abin hawaAn taɓa halittun. Sada ce ga mai samar da injiniya na ɗan adam a cikin halittakayan aikina babban sikelin da iko.

[Hoton Bagger 293 Daga Bonovo.Json Images, Alt = "Bagger 293 Bucker Way

Mene ne mahimman abubuwan da aka gyara na boka? Daga guga don jigilar kaya.

A Bucket Waywani hadaddun yanki ne nakayan aiki, amma za a iya lalata manyan kayan aikin don fahimtar yadda yake aiki.

• Bucket ƙafafun:Wannan shine digging zuciya na inji. Ababban keken ya ƙunshida yawaguga, shimai juyawazuwaSCOOPsama abu gaba. Girma daSaiti na Scoopstantance ƙarfin digging.
• Boom:Da dogon hannu wanda yake riƙe dakatako. Ana iya tashe shi, saukar da shi, kuma swung don sanyakatakodon digging. Wani lokacin, don ƙwararrun ayyuka, anleavatanta da makamaiZa'a iya daidaita saiti don karami, mafi yawan ƙungiyoyi a cikin tare da babban aikin BWE.
• Tsarin Earfi:Da zararFitar da kwarinauyinsu, yana faduwa kan jerinisar da beltsarin. Wadannan belts suna jigilar suAn canza abunesa da faɗuwar fuska, sau da yawa zuwaGuguwar Gidaje, Tsarin Leap-Leach, koyadi don canja wuri. Mai tsawojigilar bel na guduwayana da mahimmanci don ci gaba da aiki.
• Waƙoƙi masu fasa:Saboda girman su da nauyi,Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaMatsa kan waƙoƙi mai yawa, mai kama da tankuna. Waɗannan waƙoƙin suna samar da kwanciyar hankali da rarrabaaunat na injin. Duk da yake jinkirin, waƙoƙin suna ba da damar bwe don ci gaba a zamanhaƙa ma'addinaiyanki.
• Superstructure:Wannan shine babban jikinfid da, gidaje da ikon karbar iko, tsarin sarrafawa, da kuma ɗakin aiki. Shijuyas a kan babban begening, bada izinin digging boom dakatakodon kunna kai tsaye daga waƙoƙin.
• Tsarin iko da tsarin sarrafawa: Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaAna amfani da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi ta hanyar lantarki, sau da yawa ana amfani ta hanyar igiyoyi masu gudana. Bwes na zamani suna sanye da suSiyan bayanai na bayanaidakaruwar yanar gizo ta yanar gizodon inganta aiki da tabbatar da amincin aiki. Ma'aikata na iyabambanta da gudunakatakodaisarTsarin ya dace da yanayin digging.

[Hoton masu bulangar daga hotunan Bonovo.json, Alt = "" Masu fitar da bokiti don aikace-aikace iri-iri "]

Tarihin Bugun Bugun Wheeks: Daga 1920s zuwa yau.

TunaninBucket WayBa sabon abu bane. Dafarko da aka kerasigogin sun bayyana a cikin1920sa Jamus. Wadannan injunan farko sunada karami fiye da Kattai na yau, amma sun yi kawance da cigaban digging. An inganta su don cire yadda ya kamataoverburdenA cikin ligniteci maiAyyuka. Kafin bwes,haƙa ma'addinaidogaro da aikin aiki da kuma ingantattun hanyoyin.

A kan shekarun da suka gabata,Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaEcolved, zama mafi girma da ƙarfi. Kamfanonin Jamus suna kamarTkrafda Krupp (yanzu sashi na thysenkrupp) ya zama jagoraMasu kera da kasuwam. Yakin bayan Duniya na II ERA ta ga muhimmiyar ci gaba cikin fasaha na bw, da karuwa da bukatarkwalda sauran ma'adanai. Ci gaban girma da kuma ingantaccen aikiisarTsarin tsarin kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa, kyale bwes zai riƙa karuwa naabu. DaSaggerJerin, Culminating a cikiSagger293, yana wakiltar ganiya na ci gaban Bwwe dangane da girman BWE da iyawa. A yau, yayin da har yanzu ake amfani da farko a cikihaƙa ma'addinai, ci gaba da abubuwan da ke da hankali kan atomatik, ingantaccen inganci, da kuma daidaita bwes na dabanhaƙa ma'addinaimahalli da kayan.

Menene amfanin amfani da ɗakunan motocin guga a hakar ma'adanai?

Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaBa da damar fa'idodi da yawa a cikin manyan-sikelinAyyukan ma'adinai:

• Yawan samarwa:An tsara Bwes don ci gaba da digging da cire hatsiAdadin kayan. Mmai juyawatare da yawagugaYana ba da damar yawan samarwa sosai idan aka kwatanta da al'adam rumfako masu son hannu a cikin girmahaƙa ma'addinaiYanayin. Za su iya motsawaDubunnan tanna duniya a cikin awa daya, yana da saurin samahaƙa ma'addinaitafiyar matakai.
• Ci gaba da aiki:Ba kamar tsari bainjin tonos, bwes aiki a ci gaba. Na akaijuyawanakatakoda ci gabaisar da beltsarin ya tabbatar da kwarara mai gudana na kayan da aka haƙa. Wannan yana rage lokacin downtime da kuma haɓaka ƙarfi.
• Ingantacce a cikin manyan-sikelin sa'a:Don manyanhaƙa ma'addinaiAyyukan, musamman waɗanda suka shafiadadin overburden, Bwes na iya zama mafi tsada-mai tasiri a cikin dogon lokaci. Researancin samarwa na babban aiki yana rage lokacin gaba da aiki don rami, duk da ɗaukar hannun jari a cikin irin wannan mkayan aiki.
• Babu mai bashin:A wasuhaƙa ma'addinaimahalli, dababu bullingna iya zama babbar fa'ida.Bucket ƙafafun ƙafana iya toye kayan Softer kamarkwal, lignite, da wasu nau'ikan dutse ba tare da buƙatar fashewar abubuwan fashewa ba. Wannan yana inganta aminci kuma yana rage tasirin muhalli.
• Zeleveling a cikin ma'adinai:Za a iya sanye da bwes na zamanim-daidaita-daidaita digging abin da aka makalas waɗanda ke ba da izinin wani matakin zaɓi nahaƙa ma'addinai. Ana iya daidaita su don bi takamaiman seams ko yadudduka na abu, rage shatsuwa da inganta amfani da hanya.

[Hoto na Hammer Hammer daga Bonovo.json Images, Alt = "Hydraulic Hammer da aka makala ga masu girka"]

Shin akwai nau'ikan ƙafafun ƙafafun guga? Binciken saiti.

Yayin da dukaBucket ƙafafun ƙafaRaba ka'idar iri ɗaya na amai juyawadaguga, akwai bambance-bambancen a zanen su daSaiti na Scoopsdon dacewa da dabanhaƙa ma'addinaiyanayi da kayan.

• Karamin Bucket Wheelwors:Duk da yake har yanzu babba, an tsara wasu bwes don zama m da wayar hannu. Ana amfani da waɗannan a cikin ƙaramihaƙa ma'addinaiaiki ko don takamaiman ayyuka a cikin manyan ma'adinai. Suna bayar da daidaituwa tsakanin ikon tono da kuma muni.
• Kai tsaye simintin kwalban katakoWadannan bwes an tsara su ne don adana su kai tsayeabua cikin yankin da aka haƙa a cikin wuce guda. Wannan yana da amfani a cikin wasu tsirihaƙa ma'addinaiHanyoyi.
• Typen Bugun Bugun Bucket:An tsara waɗannan don yin aiki a cikin benci ko wuraren da ke cikin ma'adinan. Sun tara kayan a cikin yadudduka ko benci, ciyar da tare da benci.
• Factarin motocin katako mai nauyi:Inji kamarSagger293 fada cikin wannan rukuni. Waɗannan sune mafi girma kuma mafi ƙarfi, waɗanda aka tsara don yawan-sikelihaƙa ma'addinaida manyan adibas. An gina su don yanayi mai tsauri kuma farashin samarwa.
• Bugun ƙafafun motocin musamman:Wasu bwes suna dacewa da takamaiman kayan kohaƙa ma'addinaimahalli. Misali, wasu an tsara don dutsen mai wahala, yayin da wasu suka inganta don kayan Samfurori kamarkwal. Akwai kuma bwes da aka tsara don ruwan karkashin ruwahaƙa ma'addinaiko ayyukan dredging, kodayake waɗannan ba su da wadata.

Zabi na nau'in BWE ya dogara da takamaimanhaƙa ma'addinaiAikin, nau'in kayan da ake min ma'adanan, sikelin aikin, da ƙasa.

Nan gaba na ƙafafun ƙafafun ƙafafun katako: abotos da masana'antu da kasuwa.

Duk da dogon tarihinsu,Bucket ƙafafun ƙafaci gaba da juyin juya hali. Sabbin abubuwa a cikin kayan, aikin aiki, da fasahar bayanai suna gyara makomarsu.Masu kera da kasuwaShugabanni suna mai da hankali kan:

• Adara atomatik:Kamar masana'antu da yawa,haƙa ma'addinaiyana motsawa zuwa mafi girma. Zai yiwu wasu bwes masu zuwa don haɗa abubuwa masu ci gaba da aiki tare, gami da aiki mai nisa, iko na nesa, da kuma inganta hanyoyin tono da isar da matakai.
• Ingantaccen aiki da dorewa:Akwai farfadowa da ke da hankali kan yinhaƙa ma'addinaimore mai dorewa. Zai yiwu a tsara bwes masu zuwa don babban ƙarfin kuzari, rage ɓarke, da inganta amfani da hanya. Wannan na iya shafar tsarin wutar lantarki, mafi inganciisarzane, da kuma inganta dabarun tono.
• Digitization da hadewar bayanai:An riga an shirya Bwes na zamaniSiyan bayanai na bayanai. Nan gaba za ta ga har ma da hadin gwiwar fasahar dijital, ciki har da masu samar da bayanai, da tsarin tabbatarwa.Karuwar yanar gizo ta yanar gizoZai zama har ma mafi sassauci, yana ba da damar ingantawa na lokaci-lokaci da kuma gyara mai amfani.
• Aiwatar da sabon yanayin mintina:Kamar yadda sauƙaƙan ma'adanan ma'adinai suka lalace,haƙa ma'addinaiyana motsawa cikin mahalli masu kalubale, gami da adibas zurfi da ƙarin wurare masu nisa. Ana buƙatar dacewa da waɗannan halayen masu zuwa don waɗannan yanayin, mai yiwuwa na buƙatar sabbin ƙira da kayan.
• Anne hankali da sassauci:Yayinda aka yi amfani da bwes da farko don manyan-sikelinhaƙa ma'addinai, akwai wani yanayi don haɓaka ƙarin ƙari dam-daidaita-daidaita digging abin da aka makalaZaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda zasu iya daidaitawa da ɗakunan da ke ƙaruwa da fams da rami kawai.

DaMasu kera da kasuwadon \ dominBucket ƙafafun ƙafaya kasance musamman na musamman, tare da 'yan manyan' yan wasa a duniya. Kamfanoni kamar Onsenkrupp, Farko, da kuma wasu suna ci gaba da kirkirar fasahar bwe da tsayar da waɗannan ƙattai nahaƙa ma'addinaiKasance dacewa a nan gaba na hakar kayan aiki.

[Hoto na mai ɗaukar hoto daga Bonovo.json, Alt = "Bono Movo Mako mai ɗaukar kaya don gini da ma'adinai"]

A taƙaice: mahimman abubuwa don tunawa game da motocin boko

• Babban abin hawa na ƙasa:Bugun ƙafafun ƙafafun, kamar jakar kuɗi 293, su ne manyan motocin ƙasa da aka girka.
• Kattai masu gadin:An yi amfani da su da farko a manyan-sikelinsurface, musamman makwal, don cire adadin adadinoverburden.
• Ci gaba da digging:Mmai juyawatare da yawagugayana samar da ci gaba da digging da babban farashin samarwa.
• Tsarin Veritor:An kwashe kayan da aka saka ta hanyar hadeisar da beltsarin.
• Juyin Halitta Fasaha:Daga farkonsu a cikin1920s, Bwes sun samo asali ne cikin injunan masu ƙarfi da iko, tare da ci gaba mai gudana a cikin aiki da aiki da dorewa.

Hanyoyin haɗin ciki:

• Don bukatun abubuwan da earfmoving, bincika yawan ingancinmuBokiti na tabarau.
• Bunkasa yawan masu fashewa tare da mai dorewaMata na Mata Masu Sauya.
• Karya cikin kayan masarufi da ƙarfiHamrers Hamrers.
• Mafi inganci a sarari tare da robarmuRake da aka makala.
• Inganta ayyukan da kuke so tare da abin dogaraBugun ƙafafun ƙafa.